Carbureter.



M. w. ALLEY. CARBUHETER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.2B. 1914) I 1,163,581. Patented Dec.7,1915-.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

w. ALLEY. CAHBURETER. APPLICATION FILED $1.28. I914.

' Patented Dec. 7, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

2.5 ,27 II/IA'I/III IIIIIIIl/I I Q W/T/VESSES:

M. W.'ALLEY.

CARBURETER. APPLIYCATION FILED JAN.28. 19H. 1,163,581. Patented Dec. 7,1915.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

ATTORNEY MERRITT 'W'. ALLEY, OF YONKEBS, NEW 1013.11

caesnen'rnn.

Application filed January 28, 1914.

ToaZZ whom it may concern a citizen of the United States, residing atYonkers, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to carbureters adapted for general use, and moreparticularly to carbureters of the type used in connection with internalcombustion engines.

By my invention 1 seek to accomplish a number of objects, among whichare the following: I. To give the carbureting chamber such form as tohasten the thorough commingling of air and vapor. H. To obliterate deadspaces within and immediately adjacent to the carbureting chamber. ill.To give the carburetmg" chamber and parts immediately associatedtherewith such form as to permit the engine to be effectively throttleddown to very low speed and quickly restored to comparatively highspeed.IV. To so form the carburetinp, chamber and the valves partiallybounding the same as to properly apportion the richness of the explosive mixture, when the engine is changed from one speed to another.V. To avoid substantial change in the form of the carburetinp; chamber,while adapting the carbureting chamber for changes in' the volume ofexplosive mixture developed. VI. To spread a given volume of hydrocarbonfuel over a maximum extent of surface and to bring a maximum quantity ofair into contact with'said surface, in order to-attain increasedrapidity in vaporization. V11.

-T0 liberate the hydrocarbon liquid fuel,

within the carbureting chamber, in the form of a very thin film orsheet, so as to increase the surface of the liquid and thus facilitatevaporization. VH1. To bring a volume of air, in the form of a thinlayer,

into contact with a volume of hydrocarbon liquid fuel, in the form of athin film or sheet, flowing in a direction crossing' the direction oftravel of said volume of air, in order to facilitate formation of theexplosive mixture.

VVhile'my invention may be employed in a large number of differentrelations, and may assume a variety of forms, I will for the sake ofconciseness disclose only a single preferred form of the deviceit beingunderstood, however, that variations may be made from said form withoutdeparting Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. J, 11%):315.

Serial No. 814,919.

tion, and in which like letters .indic ate like parts. I

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my carbureter. Fig. 2 is a substantiallycentral vertical section through the same. Fig. 3

is a detail view, showing in elevation a part,

of the means for adjusting the proportion of air and hydrocarbon fuel assupplied to the carlilureting chamber. Fig. i is a detail view, showingin elevation certain operating arms integral with each other, and partsnnnlediately associated with such arms. Fig. 5 is a plan of a connectinglink, used with other parts shown at the top of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 6 isa plan view of the improved annular nozzle for discharging thehydrocarbon liquid fuel into the carbureting chamber. Fig. 7 is a viewpartly in elevation and partly in section, showing further theconstruction of the nozzle just mentioned, which is made substantiallyin halves, secured together. Fig. 8 is a plan view of the lower half, orbottom member of the nozzle. per half or top member of the nozzle;

The float chamber is shown at 10, and contains a float 11. having inthis instance a substantially ll-form. nected with a float lever 12which is journaled upon a pin 13 and is connected with a valve 14 fordirecting the hydrocarbon fuel as supplied into the iloat chamber.Leading to the valve 14 is a duct 15 with which a fuel connectioncommunicates.

A needle 17 carries a hand wheel 18 whereby it is controlled. The upperportion of this needle is threaded, and the needle extends through asuitable mounting 19. Fitted upon the threaded portion of the needle isa lock 20 for securing the needle in the different positions into whichit may be moved. Below the lower end of the needle is a valve seat 21,and extending downwardly from this valve seat is atube 22, open at itslower end in order to admit the liquid. T he bottom 23 of the floatchamber is provided with a hand valve 24:, for the purpose of enablingthe float chamber to be readily emptied whenever desired.

The needle 17 and parts immediately as F ig. 9 is an inverted plan ofthe up--.

The float is coir alve is a tube 25, provided with a small passage 26,and with a. threaded portion 27. Engaging this threaded portion a soelcet 28, integral with a member E2 of a gel'ieral annular folll'l, asshown more particularly in Fig. The men'iber 29 is the lower half of atwo-part nozzle of annular l'orn'i, and is provided with an annular bead1-50, and with a. number of ears 2-31. The member 29 is furtherprovidedwith a duct 32, which merges into a channel 23 of substantiallysemicircular form. lll ating the member 29 is another member SH,constituting the upper half ol the two-part nozzle. The nozzle member341: is provided with *ars 37 inte 'ral with it, and adapted to registerwith the ears ill; so that the two halves of the nozzle may be securedtogether by screws 36, as indicated in Fig. 6. To insure acounte fittingof the two halves relatively to each other, the member is provided withan annular step 37 for engaging the annular head 30, as indicated at theright of big. 7, The upper half Ell of the nozzle is further providedwith an annular groove 88, this groove being a little deeper at itsouter edge than at the inner edge o the annular member in question, sothat when the nozzle is assembled, as indicated in Figs. 6 and T, thegroove 38, as bounded in part by the nozzle member 2%,, presents incross section a torn: analogous to a razor blade in cross section. Thatis to say, the inner edge of the annular groove is very thin, thethickness of the groove gradually increasing toward the outer peripheraledge thereof. T he nozzle members 29 and 34. are also provided withannular bevels 39 which converge, and almost meet, where theybouml theinner edge of the groove 38, as shownat 40 in Fig. T.

The annular nozzle as a. whole, when placed in position as a. part ofthe carbureter, appear. as indi :ated in Fig. 2, and is encircled by anannular wall ell. Integ'al with this wall and extending downwardlytherefrom is a substantially frusto-couieal member 42 ')rovided. with abottom plate 43 of annular form, and connectedwith this bottom plate isthe air pipe Integral with the annular wall ll and extending upwardlytherefrom is l, substan tially frusto-rcnhral member as, having a formquite similar to that of the l rusto- Conical member These twotrusto-ooniral members are arranged with their apeXes toi'ard eachother, the inner surface oi" the fl'llStO-(KllllCnl members being inregistry with the annular beveled surfaces Ill) and p aeti :ally formingeontinuatious of these surfaces.

Between the annular wall 41 and the an-- nular nozzle enrirrled therebyis an annular spat-e el-T. which is idle so tar as the active work ofthe rarbiu'etr-r 1s ('(llll'li'lllll. but

;. l, l )UHlill .lli allll stlllfllt between annular nozzle and otherparts immediately adjaeent thereto. I

For convenienee ll designate the frustoconical members ll a nd elil asthe upper and lower ('ones, respertively.

l it'led upon the upper cone l6 is a ca 1 l8, held in position by bolts45), and. cai'ryii'lg a section il of pipe, to be connected with themanifold oi toe engine. Carried by the cap -l-land extending downwardlytherefrom is a sleeve Ill. lliltellllllp; tlu'ough this sleeve is atubular valve stem Fail, this stem carrying upon its lower end a. valvemember 5 3 of ronoidal lorm. Another valve member 54,

also o'l' conoidal lorm, mounted upon the lower end ol a valve stem(iii, the latte having in this ii'istauee the form ol a solid eyliirdrieal rod, whieh extends entirely through the tubular valve stem. 2, inthe direction of the axis thereof.

.llitween the valve members 53, 54-, and partly bouiuled by the annularnozzle above described, an annular spaee 56 into which the nozzle isadapted to discharge the hydrocarbon liquid, in the form oi a thin filmor sheet, the discharge being toward the general axis of the annularnozzle.

hlounted upon the rap all and extending upwardly therefrom are two arms57 which support a, bearing shaft 58 of the form shown more particularlyin Fig. 3. Encu'chng this shaft is a sleeve (if). Integral with thissleeve is an arm (31. having the general form of a fork and carrying twopins (32, the latter extending toward each other. lntegrll with the slee(i0 and. eX- tend ng upwardly from the same is a. bar (33}, having ageneral arcuate form and provided with a slot (54-, this slot alsohaving an arcuate lf'orm. lflxtei'uling through the slot (34: is a boltll? provided with a lug (ill.

llneircling the bolt (35, and normally engaging the arm (ill is abearing sleeve (ST. A nut 8 is revolubly titted upon the bolt 65, whichis thrladed lor this purpose. The operator by turning the nut (38 canloosen the bolt 5 and slide this bolt, together with the lug (l6,relatively to the arm 6?), and then by tightening the nut (38, an securethe bolt and lug in any one of an linite number of dill'erent positions.A .mew (so extends through the lug (so. and is provided with a head 70by aid of which it may be turned by hand.

The collar "Tl, provided with grooves Ti disposed parallel with eachother and located upon its opposite sides, is thr aided inl rually andlifted upon the upper portion ol the valve stem which is provided with alllll"2lll(l portion T for this purpose. i-ievolubly litted upon thisthreaded portion 7 is a nu ll. serving as a lock for holding lar llrigidljv in position relatively to lv stem .35. lJ-J loosening the nut ll- -llar ll. this rollar can I in (ill adjacent its upper end with athreaded portion 7 4, and revolubly fitting upon this portion is acollar75, similar in form to the collar 71, and similarly provided with a pairof grooves located upon its opposite sides and parallel with each other,as shown at 76. A nut 77, fittedupon the threaded portion 7-1, is usedas a lock .for securing the collar 75 in its various positions ofadjustment relatively to the threaded portion 7 1 of the tubular valvestem. Extending into the grooves 76 are twopins 78, which are carried byan arm 7 9,

having the general form of a fork, as will be understood from Fig. 4.The arm 7 9 is carried by a sleeve 80 with which it is integral, thissleeve being mounted upon a shaft 81. The shaft just mentioned ismounted in bearings 81, to which it is connected by aid of pins 82, asmay be understood from Fig. 4:. Integral with the sleeve 80 andextending outwardly and downwardly therefrom is an arm 83, whereby theengine is controlledthis arm serving the purpose of a throttle lever forcontrolling generally the admission of air as well as hydrocarbon vaporinto the engine manifold.

Carried by the sleeve 80 and integral therewith is an arm 84, having thegeneral forjn of a fork,'asindicated in Fig. 4, and provided withbearings 85. Extending through these hearings is a crank pin 86, held inposition by aid of cotter fastenings 8.7. A pitman 88 (see Fig. 5)is-provided at its ends with bearings 89 and 90, the bearing 89encircling the'pin 86, and the bearing 90' encircling the bearing sleeve67,

carried by the arm 63 of arcuate form, as

above described.

When the arm 83 is turned, the sleeve 80 together with the arms 79 and8% is rocked. The rocking or angular movement of the arm 79 causes thetubular valve stem 52 to be raised or lowered, and the rocking move mentof the arm 84, by shifting the pitman 88 bodily to the right or left,according to Fig. 2, causes the arm 63 to rock, and by so doing theshaft 58 is caused to rock, so that the arm 61 causes the-valve stem 55to be raised or lowered. Eachtime the arm 83, which serves as a throttlelever, is turned in a clockwise direction, according to Fig.

2, the valve 53 is raised and the valve5 is lowered so that these valvesare thus moved in opposite directions, and away from their respectiveseats. By adjusting the collar 71 relatively to the valve stem 55, asabove described, the valve 54. may be adjusted relatively to the arm 61.Similarly, by adjusting the collar 75 relatively to the valve lar 71 or75. Except for purposes of giving either of the valves 53 and 54, theabove mentioned lead over the other, and for making adjustment of thevarious movable parts in assembling the device, or for making adjustments necessitated by climatic conditions, the collars71 and 75 areseldom or never shifted relatively to the valve stems with which theyare connected.

In order to change or adjust the ratio of air and vapor supplied to theengine, use is made of the screw 69. By turning this screw in onedirection the adjacent end of the pitman 88 is lowered, and by turningthe screw in the opposite direction, said adjacent end ofthe pitman israised. The arm 8% being of a constant length, and the virtual length ofthe arm 63 being adjustable by aid of the screw 69 in the manner justdescribed, the relative positions of the valve stems 52 and 55, andconsequently the relative positions of the valves 53 and 54, arerendered adjustable. By thus using the screws 69 for purposes ofadjustment, the richness of the explosive mixture may be regulated tonicety, at the will of the operator.

The arm 83 is the controlling arm-01, practically speaking, the throttlelever of the engine, is turned in a clockwise d "ection according toFigs. 1 and 2, in order to supply the explosive mixture to the engine,the degree of rotation of the arm in question governing the quantity ofthe mixture supplied. v

W hen the arm is rotated in a contra-clockof the valves 53 and 54 areseated, the engine is no longer supplied with the mixture, or at leastwith both air and vapor.

While for convenience ll designate th frusto-conical members 53 and 5%as valves, they have each the function of a deflecting plate, inthat'each of them serves as a spreader for the aeriform material passingaround it. Owing to the frusto-conical form of these valves and theirseats, the valves when moved slightly from their seats are yetconcentric thereto, and between eaeh of the valves and its seat, thereis formed an annular passage of substantially frusto-conical. form. lhearrangement of the parts is such that when a partial vacuum is createdwithin the pipe 50, and consequently the explosive mixture is forcedupwardly through the annular passage between the valve 53 and its seat,the

iihzni l one of lion.

faction 0f the exph'ir' i l L upward, the upper.- pmiliozi U: i'heannular passage in quiastimi limilihi'lci lhh Gl'fillllll'l" tion of anyh ioly ideal pin-ti i '1" h hi carbon liquid (Jillil the mixture.

Ih'iCOSlZ al the ii'im'ahl", are neatly ljzllill'lu; maintained 51? illbillirll iii; 21 i are lnl'JVQCl :L miniiiziiih for this pui'pom The()Pfiizl @011 of he understand. irmn tioni,

The vmisus parifis hiwii suction l ii tizil 'iiciiimi in. througl'i lbetween a 1 carbon J; .iim ll towu nil nozzle,

plane of the liquid, and in. Owing to the tlisciissioii :2

into such that the v thorax: and the, and llllfi PZOCQH In. this manualmind that the annular imzssh 6, 7, 8 and 9 has ii, uhiiipzii'z'h,

in, uwwil. home iii. 10WI'1 in. Fig *uly large internal diameter m inhtheif W-(Jlilii lihc groove 38 18 of (fOl'lSHlOifiUlU lcn. h. his

in lha hikes" vi-3 lhni Quinn vizimi" i1 ziw'e iiiiia 2X mid. abuti: 21,ilvllcutui' i I iii-lash ()llillJlLi :Ll) SHlLl l mito- 1 conicalincii'ihci having its up ting iigiii l ujiiniiliiii: giiomllil'lUUl'llJiLl "-svll h. l sulmhi 'LiUlllUZll. llllllllljUih llnlillljhi; umisliiiinliuh (if :1

pim iii ii.

to said. COlllli fur the PIH'EMSO hf zictimlii'ig iszi il stem and. 111mus cunti-nlhihh: in; lhu will ml 0 open lm: fuizuhustms said rockingEll'nl mic: Llill' zi'cii :inghlni' posiliuii.

l. in a cili'liiimtum lihc umiiliiiizilimi (if a wu'hui'htiiigg chamberii-minimal with SlllJStill'k tiully 'ii'usiii-iwiiiczil poi-lions havingtheir 21pm owls unwilling lUWU'il each. other a muzzle ofsiilllslniilizill x :mmihu: l'uiiii lumiieil, hehi'evvi fiillll'l'i'iieiloi1i ::il incinhvi-s, :i pair hl' (lLlhUluH; Emil] 0i" 'l'i'isslw z'unii'iil l'oi'iii, HHJll ilullvclmhuiiig disposed \Villllll (HIPol' Sillll ll'llSlU fHlll(';il 111M11- hi-i'w, 2L st lill chnnvuiml willmush ili'lh'cwi', a i-uuhiiig; ni'm ((JlllllLlllll. wilh iillfll stein,iiiiziiis fur adjusting each slum i'uliilively t0 'lhu ioi-kihg :HIllwith which it is ('UIIHWZLQLl, :iml mums cuhli'mllnilu iii the will 01'lllllfi iipi-i'zllm ll)? ziiljiis-aliiig will. .!'(J(,'l\'lllf, armsiiia'ci i- .\h1li\'ol v (,lill'unuii angular positions.

in in :i CZIl'lJUIUiQM the wullllllm.flUil of a cerbm'eting chamberprovided with two. portions each of substantially frusto comcal form,pair of deflectors each located Within one of said portions, means foradmitting air directly into one of said portions, means for maintaininga partial vacuum in the other of said portions, an annular nozzlebetween said portions for the purpose of discharging a hydrocarbonliquidyand mechanism controllable at the Will of the operator for ad- 10justing one of'said deflectors independently of the other relatively tosaid frusto-conioal members.

MERRITT W. ALLEY.

Witnesses:

VVALTQN HARRISON, Loms E. SWARTS.

